BBC has a story about research on using modified tsetse fly gut bacteria against it. There were 7000 new cases in 2010, making it one of the smaller killers—but nasty nonetheless; the disease is fatal and so are O(5-20%) of the cures.
A few small details: It is a plan but not a procedure. How do you infect the flies? If they die they may not be able to infect each other or the next generation. And do those gut bacteria get into people?
I've read about something similar in mosquitoes. The trick is to find a method of transmission that works in the wild as well as it works in the lab.
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